A.
Personal Pronoun
Personal Pronoun adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menggantikan orang, benda,
binatang atau hal lainnya.
Personal Pronoun bisa digunakan sebagai:
1.
Subject Nominative (Subjek
Pelaku)
2.
Object Accusative (Objek
Pendirita)
3.
Possessive Adjective (Kata Sifat
Kepemilikan)
4.
Possessive Pronoun (Kata Ganti
Pemilik)
5.
Reflexive Pronoun (Kata Ganti
Refleksif)
Keterangan
|
Subject
|
Object
|
Possessive Adjective
|
Possessive Pronoun
|
Reflexive Pronoun
|
Aku / Saya
|
I
|
me
|
my
|
mine
|
myself
|
Kamu / Kalian
|
you
|
you
|
your
|
yours
|
yourself / yourselves
|
Kami
|
we
|
us
|
our
|
ours
|
ourselves
|
Mereka
|
they
|
them
|
their
|
theirs
|
thirselves
|
Dia (Pria)
|
he
|
him
|
his
|
his
|
himself
|
Dia (Wanita)
|
she
|
her
|
her
|
hers
|
herself
|
Dia (Benda/Hewan)
|
it
|
it
|
its
|
its
|
itself
|
Kata Ganti Sebagai Subjek
Orang ke
|
Tunggal
|
Jamak
|
1st
|
I
|
We
|
2nd
|
You (kamu)
|
You (kalian)
|
3rd
|
He
She
It
|
They
|
Kata ganti sebagai subjek ini
diletakkan di awal kalimat.
Untuk lebih jelasnya, bisa
diperhatikan contoh-contoh dibawah ini:
§ Toni is
a student. = He is a student.
§ Ayu is
clever. = She is clever.
§ Toni
and Ayu are smart. = They are smart.
§ You
and Roy are sleepy. = You are sleepy.
§ My
mother and I are in here = We are in here
§ The cat is
funny. = It is funny.
§ The
cats are funny. = They are funny.
Kata Ganti Sebagai Objek:
Subject
|
Object
|
I
|
me
|
you
|
you
|
we
|
us
|
they
|
them
|
he
|
him
|
she
|
her
|
it
|
it
|
Kata ganti sebagai objek ini
diletakkan setelah verb (kata kerja) dan setelahpreposition (kata
depan)
Contoh;
Beni
calls Susi
.
Beni
calls her.
I
call Brian
I
call him
They
know Toni
and me.
They
know us
We
help our parents
We
help them
I
like a cat
I
like it
Possessive Adjective
Subject
|
Possessive Adjective
|
Contoh Penggunaan
|
I
|
my
|
My pen
|
you
|
your
|
Your pen
|
we
|
our
|
Their pen
|
they
|
their
|
Our pen
|
he
|
him
|
His pen
|
she
|
her
|
Her pen
|
it
|
its
|
Its pen
|
Apabila menunjukkan milik
tidak menggunakan kata ganti (pronoun) diatas tetapi menggunakan nama atau kata
benda,
maka
digunakan apostrophe (tanda ‘) ditambah s dibelakang
nama atau kata benda tersebut.
Contoh:
Fatih’s book (bukunya Fatih)
Tetapi
jika noun tersebut sudah ada “s” diakhir katanya, maka
cukup ditambah dengan tandaapostrophe (tanda ‘) saja.
Contoh:
My parents’ house
§ My
parents’ house (Rumahnya orang tua saya)
§ Sulis’ book (Bukunya Sulis)
Possessive Pronoun (Kata Ganti
Pemilik)
SUBJECT
|
POSSESSIVE
PRONOUN |
ARTI
|
I
|
Mine
|
Milikku
|
You
|
Yours
|
Milikmu
|
They
|
Theirs
|
Milik mereka
|
We
|
Ours
|
Milik kami /
kita
|
He
|
His
|
Milik dia
pria
|
She
|
Hers
|
Milik dia
wanita
|
Perbedaan antara Posssessive Adjectivedan Possessive Pronoun
§ Posssessive
Adjective diletakkan
setelahnoun. Contoh: This is my book.
§ Possessive
Pronoun diletakkan
sebelum/tanpa noun. Contoh: This book ismine. / This is mine.
B.
Interrogative Pronouns
Yaitu
kata-kata yang digunakan untuk bertanya.
§ Who = siapa (subject)
Who is he talking to?
Who are those people?
Who is he talking to?
Who are those people?
§ Whom = siapa (object)
Whom are you playing with?
Whom is he talking to?
Whom are you playing with?
Whom is he talking to?
§ Which = yang mana
Which of these bags is yours?
Which do you prefer?
Which of these bags is yours?
Which do you prefer?
§ Whose = milik siapa
Whose is this umbrella?
Whose are these gloves?
Whose is this umbrella?
Whose are these gloves?
§ What = apa
What is your dog’s name?
What are you talking about?
What is the time?
What is your dog’s name?
What are you talking about?
What is the time?
C.
Demonstrative Pronouns
Merupakan
kata ganti penunjuk. Yaitu kata: this, that, these, those.
Penggunaan this dan these ketika
menunjuk sesuatu yang dekat. (berarti: ini)
Penggunaan that dan those ketika
menunjuk sesuatu yang jauh. (berarti: itu)
Singular
: this,
that
Plural
: these,
those
Contoh
Penggunaan:
Singular
:This
is a hill.
Plural
: These
are donkeys.
Singular
:That
is a mountain.
Plural
: Those
are horses.